文博信息

2016年《世界遗产名录》新成员报到了! (一)

摘要: 原创 2016-07-19 BEJ/CLT 联合国教科文组织 联合国教科文组织 联合国教科文组织 微信号 UNESCO_China 功能介绍 联合国教科文组织建立于1945年,使命为“于人之思想筑起保卫和平的屏障”。 7月15日,土耳其伊斯坦布尔——世界遗产委员会第四十次会议将四处分别位于中国、印度、伊朗和密克罗尼西亚联邦的遗产地录入世界遗产名录。其中位于密克罗尼西亚联邦的—南马都尔:东密克罗尼西亚庆典中心同时被列入世界遗产名录和濒危世界 ...
2016-07-19 BEJ/CLT 联合国教科文组织 联合国教科文组织
7月15日,土耳其伊斯坦布尔——世界遗产委员会第四十次会议将四处分别位于中国、印度、伊朗和密克罗尼西亚联邦的遗产地录入世界遗产名录。其中位于密克罗尼西亚联邦的—南马都尔:东密克罗尼西亚庆典中心同时被列入世界遗产名录和濒危世界遗产名录。

新增的四处世界遗产地分别是(按列入顺序排列):

1. 左江花山岩画文化景观(中华人民共和国)


花山岩画位于中国西南边陲地区的陡峭岩壁上。这38处岩画展现的是骆越族人生活和宗教仪式的场景,这些绘制年代可追溯至公元前5世纪至公元2世纪的岩画与其依存的喀斯特地貌、河流和台地一起,使人得以一窥过去在中国南方盛行一时的青铜鼓文化仪式的原貌。这一文化景观如今是这种文化曾经存在的唯一见证。



2. 那烂陀寺考古遗址(那烂陀大学),比哈尔邦那烂陀(印度)


那烂陀寺遗址位于印度东北部的巴哈尔邦。遗址由公元前3世纪至公元13世纪存在于此的寺庙和佛学院遗留下的古迹组成,包括窣堵坡(坟冢),舍利塔,寺庙(僧房学舍),以及重要的墙画、石刻、金属器物等艺术作品。那烂陀作为印度次大陆上最古老的大学而引人注目,其作为有序的知识传递场所存续长达800年,发展的历史见证了佛学宗教化的过程,以及寺院和教育传统的繁荣。


那烂陀寺考古遗址


那烂陀寺考古遗址出土青铜菩萨佛像

3.波斯坎儿井(伊朗伊斯兰共和国)


在伊朗干旱的地区,坎儿井这一古老水利系统的支持使得农业和定居成为可能。坎儿井利用重力,将上游河谷的水通过长达数千米的地下暗渠引到下游。构成这个水利系统的不仅有组成这一遗产地的11条坎儿井,还有工人休息区,小水库以及水磨坊。时至今日仍在实行的传统管理方式,使当地得以可持续地平均分配和共享水源。坎儿井是干旱气候下沙漠地带传统文化和文明的独特证明。


4. 南马都尔:东密克罗尼西亚庆典中心(密克罗尼西亚联邦)


南马都尔位于波纳佩岛的海岸沿线,由多达99座人工建造的岛构成,建岛材料是玄武岩石块和珊瑚块。岛上承载着诸多宫殿、寺庙、陵墓和石筑居所残迹,建成时间约在公元1200-1500年间,时值太平洋岛屿文化活跃的时期,这些遗迹正是绍德雷尔王朝的庆典中心。这处遗址建造规模之大、技艺之精湛,巨石建筑之密集,都展示了那个时代繁复的岛屿社会民间风俗和宗教仪式。


Nandowas岛上柱状玄武岩石墙


Lukopen Karian岛海墙

Istanbul, Turkey, 15 July—The World Heritage Co

mmittee, meeting for its 40th session since 10 July, this morning inscribed four new sites in China, India, Iran and Micronesia on the World Heritage List. Nan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia in the Federated States of Micronesia was inscribed both on the World Heritage List and on the List of World Heritage in Danger.

The new sites, in the order of their inscription are:

Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (People’s Republic of China) – Located on the steep cliffs in the border regions of southwest China, these 38 sites of rock art illustrate the life and rituals of the Luoyue people. They date from the period around the 5th century BCE to the 2nd century CE. In a surrounding landscape of karst, rivers and plateaux, they depict ceremonies which have been interpreted as portraying the bronze drum culture once prevalent across southern China. This cultural landscape is the only remains of this culture today.

Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara (Nalanda University) at Nalanda, Bihar (India) – The Nalanda Mahavihara site is in the State of Bihar, in north-eastern India. It comprises the archaeological remains of a monastic and scholastic institution dating from the 3rd century BCE to the 13th century CE. It includes stupas, shrines, viharas (residential and educational buildings) and important art works in stucco, stone and metal. Nalanda stands out as the most ancient university of the Indian Subcontinent. It engaged in the organized transmission of knowledge over an uninterrupted period of 800 years. The historical development of the site testifies to the development of Buddhism into a religion and the flourishing of monastic and educational traditions.

The Persian Qanat (Islamic Republic of Iran) – Throughout the arid regions of Iran, agricultural and permanent settlements are supported by the ancient qanat system of tapping alluvial aquifers at the heads of valleys and conducting the water along underground tunnels by gravity, often over many kilometres. The eleven qanats representing this system include rest areas for workers, water reservoirs and watermills. The traditional communal management system still in place allows equitable and sustainable water sharing and distribution. The qanats provide exceptional testimony to cultural traditions and civilizations in desert areas with an arid climate.

Nan Madol: Ceremonial Centre of Eastern Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia) – Nan Madol is a series of 99 artificial islets off the south-east coast of Pohnpei that were constructed with walls of basalt and coral boulders. These islets harbour the remains of stone palaces, temples, tombs and residential domains built between 1200 and 1500 CE. These ruins represent the ceremonial centre of the Saudeleur dynasty, a vibrant period in Pacific Island culture. The huge scale of the edifices, their technical sophistication and the concentration of megalithic structures bear testimony to complex social and religious practices of the island societies of the period. The site was also inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to threats, notably the siltation of waterways that is contributing to the unchecked growth of mangroves and undermining existing edifices.

-->

分类: 中文 资讯 文博信息
关键词:

波斯坎儿井

那烂陀寺遗址

img

地址:陕西省西安市碑林区友谊西路68号小雁塔历史文化公园
邮件:secretariat#iicc.org.cn
电话:(+86)029-85246378