深度阅读
昔格纳黑至阿萨纳斯的商队路线
图1. 丝绸之路的锡尔河廊道
Fig1. The Syrdarya corridor of the Silk Roads
卡拉套山脉西部和锡尔河下游之间的历史和文化景观的考古研究尚不充分
There is insufficient archaeological research about the historical and cultural landscape
between the western range of the Karatau mountain and the lower part of the Syr Darya delta.
这里的研究重点是中世纪资料中提到的主要城市中心
Scientific research here has focused on large urban centres mentioned in medieval sources.
因此，通过对哈萨克斯坦城市文化的历史和地理著作
Thus, a comparison of historical and geographical works on urban culture in Kazakhstan
以及民族志和地名学的现代材料进行比较
as well as modern materials on ethnography and toponymy
可以对古代主要城市和贸易中心进行辨别和定位
allowed us to localise and identify the major urban and commercial centres in ancient times
如法拉布、索伦、昔格纳黑、阿萨纳斯、占特、占肯特等
such as Farab, Sauran, Sygnak, Asanas, Djent, Zhankent, etc.
这些都位于丝绸之路的锡尔河流域
图2. 从昔格纳黑至阿萨纳斯的商队路线示意图
Fig2. Schematic map of the caravan route from SYGNAK to ASANAS
All locations were along the Silk Road - the Syr Darya section
根据考古材料显示
Archaeological materials show that
该地区的密集发展最早开始于7-8世纪
it began to function intensively no earlier than the VII-VIII centuries AD
此时该地区成为突厥部落的一部分
when this territory became part of the Turkic states
特别是乌古斯部落集团时期和南迁霍拉桑地区时期
especially during the Oghuz-Kipchak and Kipchak-Khorezm periods.
其中有些地方，在9-10世纪的资料中被提及
Some of them, mentioned in the sources of the IX-X centuries
如占肯特(雅尼肯特)，占特，昔格纳黑和霍拉等大型城市中心
The large urban centres such as Zhankent (Yangikent), Djent, Syganak, and Chora,
而有些只提及于金帐汗国(钦察汗国)时期
some were in records of the Golden Horde (Kipchak Khanate) period only
如阿萨纳斯、巴尔奇肯特、阿克科尔甘等
Asanas, Barchikent, Akkorgan, etc.
考古资料显示
Archaeological research shows that
锡尔河流域的大部分城市
most cities along the Syr Darya section of the Silk Road
是在讹答剌-卡拉套和七河-阿萨尔文明的基础上形成
were formed based on Otrar-Karatau and Djety-Asar cultures
其人口在动荡的中世纪地缘政治中不断变化
their population changed due to the geopolitical changes during the turbulent Middle Ages
最终毁于内战
and were destroyed in internecine warfare.
1867年，皇家考古委员会成员P.I.勒赫
In 1867, a member of the Imperial Archaeological Commission, P.I. Lerkh