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古埃及石头的考古学和地质学Archaeology and Geology of Ancient Egyptian Stones
Archaeopress Egyptology
Archaeology and Geology of Ancient Egyptian Stones
By James A. Harrell
Paperback
£125.00
This book seeks to identify and describe all the rocks and minerals employed by the ancient Egyptians using proper geological nomenclature, and to give an account of their sources in so far as they are known. The various uses of the stones are described, as well as the technologies employed to extract, transport, carve, and thermally treat them.
The ancient Egyptian Civilization dominated the northeast corner of Africa—including modern-day Egypt and, at times, northern Sudan—from about 3000 BC at the beginning of the Dynastic period to AD 642 at the end of the Roman period. Most of what it left behind consists of stones of many kinds. There were building stones for temples, pyramids, mastaba tombs, and other monumental constructions; and utilitarian stones for tools, weapons, and a wide array of mundane applications, including the raw materials for faience, glass, medicines, paint pigments, and pottery. There were also ornamental stones for decorative and structural elements in buildings, obelisks, statues, sarcophagi, stelae, vessels, shrines, offering tables, mace heads, cosmetic palettes, and other sculpted objects; and gemstones for jewellery, amulets, seals, and other small decorative items. Still more stones were processed to extract their metals, including gold, copper, iron, and lead.
Two persistent problems in Egyptology have been the geological identification of these stones, and the recognition of their sources. Archaeology and Geology of Ancient Egyptian Stones seeks to identify and describe all the rocks and minerals employed by the ancient Egyptians using proper geological nomenclature, and to give an account of their sources in so far as they are known. A secondary objective is to describe the multitudinous uses of the stones as well as the technologies employed to extract, transport, carve, and thermally treat them.
Contents
Volume 1: Archaeological and Geological Background, and Building and Utilitarian Stones
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction
Part I: Archaeological and Geological Background
Chapter 2: Identification and Classification of Rocks and Minerals
Chapter 3: Geology of Egypt and Northern Sudan
Chapter 4: Tools and Methods for Extraction of Hard Stones
Chapter 5: Tools and Methods for Extraction of Soft Stones
Chapter 6: Stone Transport
Part II: Building Stones
Chapter 7: Overview of Building Stones
Chapter 8: Limestone
Chapter 9: Sandstone
Chapter 10: Anhydrite, Gypsum, and Other Building Stones
Part III: Utilitarian Stones
Chapter 11: Overview of Utilitarian Stones
Chapter 12: Hard Utilitarian Stones
Chapter 13: Soft Utilitarian Stones and Other Geological Materials
Volume 2: Ornamental Stones, Gemstones, and Metals
Part IV: Ornamental Stones
Chapter 14: Overview of Ornamental Stones
Chapter 15: Travertine and Other Colored Carbonate Rocks
Chapter 16: Silicified Sandstone
Chapter 17: Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks I: Nile Valley Quarries
Chapter 18: Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks II: Western Desert Quarries
Chapter 19: Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks III: Eastern Desert Quarries Initiated in the Dynastic and Ptolemaic Periods
Chapter 20: Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks IV: Eastern Desert Quarries Initiated in the Roman Period
Chapter 21: Other Ornamental Stones
Part V: Gemstones
Chapter 22: Overview of Gemstones
Chapter 23: Silica Gemstones
Chapter 24: Grue Gemstones
Chapter 25: Other Gemstones
Part VI: Metals
Chapter 26: Overview of Metals
Chapter 27: Gold
Chapter 28: Copper
Chapter 29: Iron and Lead
Epilogue (and a Poem)
Bibliography
Index
About the Author
James A. Harrell earned his BA degree in Earth Science at California State University at Fullerton, and his MS and PhD degrees in Geology at the University of Oklahoma and the University of Cincinnati, respectively. He taught petrology and other geological subjects at the University of Toledo for 30 years, retiring in 2009, and is now an Emeritus Professor at that institution. For the past 35 years, Professor Harrell has been conducting a survey of ancient mines and quarries in Egypt and northern Sudan, and has so far made 50 trips to these countries in support of this research. He has also done fieldwork on ancient quarries in Saudi Arabia and Yemen.
2 volumes
H 290 x W 205 mm
1074 pages
1,100 black & white figures, 58 tables and 54 colour plates
Published Mar 2024
Archaeopress Archaeology
ISBN
Paperback: 9781803275819
Digital: 9781803275826
DOI 10.32028/9781803275819
Recommend to a librarian
Keywords
Ancient Egypt; Archaeological Stone; Building Stones; Ornamental Stones; Utilitarian Stones; Gemstones; Metals; Mines; Quarries; Geology
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